Laayla Muhammad
Block 1
May 24, 2007
Eugene Delacroix
If Eugene Delacroix painted my portrait, he would capture the moment while I am protesting against the government at an immigration march. Delacroix is known to have a Romantic style in his paintings, as he chooses historical events to depict the points he’s trying to make. I would be leading a crowd with a picket sign stating “Give Equal Rights!” I would be wearing a tank top, which’s straps would be falling off due to the struggle of being pushed and shoved in different directions of the crowd. I would be sweaty and my hair would be tied up in a ponytail. One of my arms will be raised, with my hand curled up like a fist in the air. While facing the crowd, the front and side of my body would be facing the viewers. The setting will take place in Milwaukee, Wisconsin around downtown around in the late afternoon, making the time the sun sets just around the corner.
The portrait painted would contain certain characteristics that would cause it to be labeled as a Romantic piece of art by Delacroix. The background would emphasize the rays of the sun, making the overall tint of the painting orange-red. This color resembles the anger and frustration involved in the historical event taken place. My face expression would be of a furious individual who has her mouth open due to all the shouting. The crowd along and I would be fighting for justice and complete liberty, something Delacroix would likely capture in his painting.
The image would seem hectic at first, when viewers notice the angry crowd. Within few seconds, the attention would be brought upon me, as viewers try to comprehend the point of the picture along with the mood. I would be standing on top of government officials that would be held responsible for the wrong decisions made at the time. They would be trying to escape from underneath my feet but I would be carelessly stomping on their wrists with brand new watches. This action would resemble my protest against the concept of “killing time,” when it comes to the process of immigration. The fog in the picture would resemble the confusion that the government is responsible of. The temporary cry of the children since their picket signs are broken would reflect not only their innocence and inability to understand the rally, but their instability in staying as residents in America at the time
. Delacroix is known to bring attention to historical political events through his paintings often. While in the past he captured such a moment in “Liberty Leading the People,” in the present he would surely paint one of female leaders in the immigration protest march. The colors of the image resemble the emotions felt by the individuals painted in the portrait while the individuals and their actions captured reflect the happenings of not only the present, but also the future time. If Delacroix happened to paint my portrait, I would sure be a leading female in an immigration march, fighting for justice and the freedom immigrants deserve.
Random Rambling Rants
- Laayla
- Houston, Texas, United States
- I'm Laayla. I ramble. I rant. I question. I complain... and sometimes I happen to enlighten.
Tuesday, June 23, 2009
Only Connect
In Professor Bill Cronin’s essay, The Ten Qualities of a Liberal Educated Person, he uses E.M. Forster’s injunction in the novel Howard’s End “Only connect” and states: “If one could pick just one phrase that would answer the question of what it means to be a liberally educated person surely this would be it: Only connect.” How does this statement relate to your motivation for earning a liberal arts degree? (500 word maximum)
The statement “Only Connect” that Professor Bill Cronin used in his essay, “The Ten Qualities of a Liberal Educated Person,” from E.M Forster’s novel Howard’s End, is an injunction that motivates me to earn a liberal arts degree in variety of ways. To connect is to be able to express yourself through your knowledge and past experiences to help you communicate with your surrounding. The better understanding you have of variety of subjects, the easier it becomes to blend in with society and relate to those around you. A liberal education helps you become stable with confidence and positively affects your life in the future. It is greatly important to comprehend the concept of obtaining a degree that has the mere purpose of letting you become more aware of your surroundings to live a life with lesser obstacles.
Many students aim to obtain a specific degree towards their intended career and life goals because it seems more convenient. People choose to only learn about what they think they will directly benefit from, rather than considering knowledge as a tool that can help them live their live every single day. A liberal arts degree reveals opportunities to explore your wide range of interests and skills. With such awareness, you can broaden your line of thinking and use your curiosity to your advantage. Every person deserves the chance to gain an education that provides them the information they need in more than one particular subject. For example, a student may have the strongest desire to be involved in the medical field. Therefore, the student will be seeking a medical degree, assuming it’s the only solution that makes sense. Eventually, if he/she decides to make adjustments or changes to general career goals, it would become quite difficult. What the student needs to realize is, gaining such a degree limits an individual to what they can accomplish later on during their lifetime.
The actual phrase, “only connect” refers to the way you can use a liberal arts degree to become informative in more than one area. You can gain a complete understanding in not only academic subjects, but also areas such as music and art. Everyone has different goals and potential to achieve those goals. The way to accomplish great things and succeed, you have to be able to recognize more than one concept. The whole idea of gaining a liberal education is so you can appreciate life every day and be able to connect with those around you. Diversity is important because wide range of interests lets people unite despite their differences. Without a liberal arts degree, it becomes almost impossible to relate to those around you with a complete understanding. To connect is to bond with the world through the knowledge you have gained and experiences that have widened your perspective on life.
Out of all the extracurricular, community service or employment activities I’ve participated in, The Humanities Club has been the most meaningful to me due to the greatest effect it has made in my life. By being part of this club, I’ve been able to devote my time to helping my peers, the community, and many people around the world. I’ve realized the hardships people face, which have made me thankful for all that I have. Therefore, I’ve volunteered for non-profiting organizations such as Hunger Task Force, American Red Cross, and AmeriCares to help those suffering from poverty, hunger, and sickness. Members of this club have set aside their differences in order to help men, women, and children that are in need of our help. Due to poverty, thousands of people starve to death because food isn‘t provided for them. I’ve coordinated many food-drives in school through the Hunger Task Force to defeat world hunger. Through the American Red Cross, I’ve coordinated Shoe Box Christmas, where boxes are filled with toys and necessary school items for children in poverty. AmeriCares is also a non-profiting organization that I’m still volunteering for by sending in healthy kid kits to various countries. These kits include supplies encouraging better hygiene for children suffering through trauma. All of these volunteering services have led me to care even more about the worldly issues that surround us. One of my goals has become to end poverty and spread awareness in issues dealing with poverty, world hunger, and sickness.
The statement “Only Connect” that Professor Bill Cronin used in his essay, “The Ten Qualities of a Liberal Educated Person,” from E.M Forster’s novel Howard’s End, is an injunction that motivates me to earn a liberal arts degree in variety of ways. To connect is to be able to express yourself through your knowledge and past experiences to help you communicate with your surrounding. The better understanding you have of variety of subjects, the easier it becomes to blend in with society and relate to those around you. A liberal education helps you become stable with confidence and positively affects your life in the future. It is greatly important to comprehend the concept of obtaining a degree that has the mere purpose of letting you become more aware of your surroundings to live a life with lesser obstacles.
Many students aim to obtain a specific degree towards their intended career and life goals because it seems more convenient. People choose to only learn about what they think they will directly benefit from, rather than considering knowledge as a tool that can help them live their live every single day. A liberal arts degree reveals opportunities to explore your wide range of interests and skills. With such awareness, you can broaden your line of thinking and use your curiosity to your advantage. Every person deserves the chance to gain an education that provides them the information they need in more than one particular subject. For example, a student may have the strongest desire to be involved in the medical field. Therefore, the student will be seeking a medical degree, assuming it’s the only solution that makes sense. Eventually, if he/she decides to make adjustments or changes to general career goals, it would become quite difficult. What the student needs to realize is, gaining such a degree limits an individual to what they can accomplish later on during their lifetime.
The actual phrase, “only connect” refers to the way you can use a liberal arts degree to become informative in more than one area. You can gain a complete understanding in not only academic subjects, but also areas such as music and art. Everyone has different goals and potential to achieve those goals. The way to accomplish great things and succeed, you have to be able to recognize more than one concept. The whole idea of gaining a liberal education is so you can appreciate life every day and be able to connect with those around you. Diversity is important because wide range of interests lets people unite despite their differences. Without a liberal arts degree, it becomes almost impossible to relate to those around you with a complete understanding. To connect is to bond with the world through the knowledge you have gained and experiences that have widened your perspective on life.
Out of all the extracurricular, community service or employment activities I’ve participated in, The Humanities Club has been the most meaningful to me due to the greatest effect it has made in my life. By being part of this club, I’ve been able to devote my time to helping my peers, the community, and many people around the world. I’ve realized the hardships people face, which have made me thankful for all that I have. Therefore, I’ve volunteered for non-profiting organizations such as Hunger Task Force, American Red Cross, and AmeriCares to help those suffering from poverty, hunger, and sickness. Members of this club have set aside their differences in order to help men, women, and children that are in need of our help. Due to poverty, thousands of people starve to death because food isn‘t provided for them. I’ve coordinated many food-drives in school through the Hunger Task Force to defeat world hunger. Through the American Red Cross, I’ve coordinated Shoe Box Christmas, where boxes are filled with toys and necessary school items for children in poverty. AmeriCares is also a non-profiting organization that I’m still volunteering for by sending in healthy kid kits to various countries. These kits include supplies encouraging better hygiene for children suffering through trauma. All of these volunteering services have led me to care even more about the worldly issues that surround us. One of my goals has become to end poverty and spread awareness in issues dealing with poverty, world hunger, and sickness.
Essay Prep for Philo
Give a summary statement of the doctrine of ethical rationalism and explain how Plato qualifies as an ethical rationalist.
Ethical rationalism: morality as a body of knowledge
Rationalism on moral judgment:
-Moral judgments are factual claims about a reality independent of us
-They are knowable by human reason
Plato on moral judgment
- Morality is based on the form of the good
- What is good for us depends on the form of the good, which gives everything its special nature and value
- Correct moral judgments are based on knowledge of the realm of forms.
-------------------------------------
In the Republic at 580d-583a and 583b-588a, Socrates gives two related arguments for his view that the moral life, understood as a life of psychic harmony (where each part of the soul performs its function as dictated by the rational part), is the happiest life. Summarize the case Socrates makes in these two arguments.
2nd answer (580-583)
-Each part of the soul has its distinct kind of pleasure
-Each type of person thinks his characteristic pleasure is the greatest
-Only the the philosophical person has the experience and the judgment to compare
-Hence, the person in psychic harmony is the happiest
Objection
The philosophical person may have had experience of other desires, but not of other lives as a whole. Why then is his viewpoint not biased?
Reply
-Must use reason to make an unbiased judgment
-Appetitive and spirited personalities subordinate reason to felt intensity of desire
-Only in philosophical personalities is reason making a genuine comparative judgment
Problem
This reply suggests that experiences can seem pleasurable but not really be so. Does this idea make sense? Plato thinks so, and this is why he provides a third reply.
3rd answer (583-588)
-Pleasures of appetitive and spirited personalities enter the soul through the body
-These have a sensory aspect that needs to be corrected by reason.
-Uncorrected, these pleasures are only pale images of true pleasures.
-These personalities are thus like the cave prisoners
Example
-The same state of the body can feel good or bad depending on what precedes it.
-But the very same state cannot both be pleasure and pain
-There must be an appearance-reality distinction for pleasures
-Reason is needed to tell the difference
_____________________
Ethical rationalism: morality as a body of knowledge
Rationalism on moral judgment:
-Moral judgments are factual claims about a reality independent of us
-They are knowable by human reason
Plato on moral judgment
- Morality is based on the form of the good
- What is good for us depends on the form of the good, which gives everything its special nature and value
- Correct moral judgments are based on knowledge of the realm of forms.
-------------------------------------
In the Republic at 580d-583a and 583b-588a, Socrates gives two related arguments for his view that the moral life, understood as a life of psychic harmony (where each part of the soul performs its function as dictated by the rational part), is the happiest life. Summarize the case Socrates makes in these two arguments.
2nd answer (580-583)
-Each part of the soul has its distinct kind of pleasure
-Each type of person thinks his characteristic pleasure is the greatest
-Only the the philosophical person has the experience and the judgment to compare
-Hence, the person in psychic harmony is the happiest
Objection
The philosophical person may have had experience of other desires, but not of other lives as a whole. Why then is his viewpoint not biased?
Reply
-Must use reason to make an unbiased judgment
-Appetitive and spirited personalities subordinate reason to felt intensity of desire
-Only in philosophical personalities is reason making a genuine comparative judgment
Problem
This reply suggests that experiences can seem pleasurable but not really be so. Does this idea make sense? Plato thinks so, and this is why he provides a third reply.
3rd answer (583-588)
-Pleasures of appetitive and spirited personalities enter the soul through the body
-These have a sensory aspect that needs to be corrected by reason.
-Uncorrected, these pleasures are only pale images of true pleasures.
-These personalities are thus like the cave prisoners
Example
-The same state of the body can feel good or bad depending on what precedes it.
-But the very same state cannot both be pleasure and pain
-There must be an appearance-reality distinction for pleasures
-Reason is needed to tell the difference
_____________________
Philo Notes
Ideal spectator approach
Lecture 2
“The hypothesis which we embrace is plain. It maintains that morality is determined by sentiment. It defines virtue to be whatever mental action or quality gives to a spectator the pleasing sentiment of approbation; and vice the contrary.” --Hume, Appendix I
Topics today:
Hume’s view of moral judgment
His critique of the rationalist position
Sec. 5: Why utility pleases
- Why do we morally admire those qualities that are socially useful?
- Can’t just be a result of education. There must be a basis in human nature.
- 2 possibilities: self-regard or humanitarian concern
Self-regard or concern for others?
- Moral sentiment can oppose our self-interest
- Can concern matters that don’t affect our self-interest
- far away in space or time
- fictional
- Concern for self and moral concern feel different
- Moral sentiment cannot be a form of self-regard
- Must be a concern for others
Universal benevolence
- Rooted in an innate human capacity for sympathy
- Sympathy can take the form of a sentiment of benevolence toward all, a humanitarian concern.
- This concern is what drives our moral judgments
Objection
- Sympathy leads to more concern for those close to us
- Our moral judgments do not vary in this way
Reply
- Unequal concern arises from a biased point of view
- An impartial consideration of the situation channels benevolence equally toward all
- Correct moral judgments express the attitudes of an impartial, sympathetic observer
Role of reason in morality
-Reason ascertains facts about what promotes or diminishes pleasure and happiness
-So reason plays a role
-But reason does not make the moral judgment
-Moral judgment expresses a sentiment evoked by consideration of the facts revealed by reason.
1st argument against rationalism
-Reason: inductive or demonstrative
-Inductive: infers facts from observation
-Demonstrative: works with abstract mathematical and logical relations.
-Moral judgments don’t pick out such facts or relations
-Hence they are not made by reason
Example: the “crime” of ingratitude
-Observable fact: ill will or indifference in the mind of the ungrateful person
-This is not a moral fact because it is not always wrong
-Abstract relation: contrariety of attitude
-Again, this is not always wrong
2nd argument
-Reason operates to infer NEW facts and relations
-A moral judgment must be based on all the facts of a situation
-Hence moral judgments are not made by reason
3rd argument
-Moral judgments are like judgments of beauty
-Beauty is not a quality or feature we discover in the object
-Rather, a judgment of beauty is an expression of a favorable sentiment toward the object
-Moral judgments express a similar kind of sentiment
4th argument
-Non-human objects can manifest all the relations that obtain in a moral situation.
-But we don’t apply morality to the non-human world
-Hence morality is not a matter of relations.
5th argument
-Reason alone is never a motive to action
-Moral judgments can move us to action
-Hence reason by itself cannot give us morality
Lecture 2
“The hypothesis which we embrace is plain. It maintains that morality is determined by sentiment. It defines virtue to be whatever mental action or quality gives to a spectator the pleasing sentiment of approbation; and vice the contrary.” --Hume, Appendix I
Topics today:
Hume’s view of moral judgment
His critique of the rationalist position
Sec. 5: Why utility pleases
- Why do we morally admire those qualities that are socially useful?
- Can’t just be a result of education. There must be a basis in human nature.
- 2 possibilities: self-regard or humanitarian concern
Self-regard or concern for others?
- Moral sentiment can oppose our self-interest
- Can concern matters that don’t affect our self-interest
- far away in space or time
- fictional
- Concern for self and moral concern feel different
- Moral sentiment cannot be a form of self-regard
- Must be a concern for others
Universal benevolence
- Rooted in an innate human capacity for sympathy
- Sympathy can take the form of a sentiment of benevolence toward all, a humanitarian concern.
- This concern is what drives our moral judgments
Objection
- Sympathy leads to more concern for those close to us
- Our moral judgments do not vary in this way
Reply
- Unequal concern arises from a biased point of view
- An impartial consideration of the situation channels benevolence equally toward all
- Correct moral judgments express the attitudes of an impartial, sympathetic observer
Role of reason in morality
-Reason ascertains facts about what promotes or diminishes pleasure and happiness
-So reason plays a role
-But reason does not make the moral judgment
-Moral judgment expresses a sentiment evoked by consideration of the facts revealed by reason.
1st argument against rationalism
-Reason: inductive or demonstrative
-Inductive: infers facts from observation
-Demonstrative: works with abstract mathematical and logical relations.
-Moral judgments don’t pick out such facts or relations
-Hence they are not made by reason
Example: the “crime” of ingratitude
-Observable fact: ill will or indifference in the mind of the ungrateful person
-This is not a moral fact because it is not always wrong
-Abstract relation: contrariety of attitude
-Again, this is not always wrong
2nd argument
-Reason operates to infer NEW facts and relations
-A moral judgment must be based on all the facts of a situation
-Hence moral judgments are not made by reason
3rd argument
-Moral judgments are like judgments of beauty
-Beauty is not a quality or feature we discover in the object
-Rather, a judgment of beauty is an expression of a favorable sentiment toward the object
-Moral judgments express a similar kind of sentiment
4th argument
-Non-human objects can manifest all the relations that obtain in a moral situation.
-But we don’t apply morality to the non-human world
-Hence morality is not a matter of relations.
5th argument
-Reason alone is never a motive to action
-Moral judgments can move us to action
-Hence reason by itself cannot give us morality
Old Interview
The media did help in my process of acculturation in several ways. I actually learned English by watching TV shows and cartoons and such. I learned to find ways to communicate with those around me without coming off as "weird" and I learned contemporary information that helped me blend in with Americans. Music also was a great way for me to find a way to become acquainted with those around me. Because of the media, involving my cultural values within the values of Americans, it became easier for me to be myself also. Due to the mixtures of cultures and large amount of immigrants coming to the U.S, media has become the main source of information for everyone. Also, due to the news about "War on Terror," Americans are becoming aware of the fact that there ARE people with variety of ethnic backgrounds present on the same Earth. This leads Americans to become curious and seek more knowledge about other ethnicities, including Pakistanis like me. The media has helped me Americanize my way, and yet at the same time, helped Americans increase their knowledge about worldly matters and other cultural values.
To be honest, I was only 6-7 year old and I barely knew anything about America. All my family told me was that America is the "best place to live in" and that you can do whatever you want in it. My mom constantly told me that it's a place where people go to college and become great doctors with lots of money. I basically thought, America was the place where everyone wanted to be at, but not everyone received the same opportunity. Now after so many years, I've realized that it's technically true.
Well, if you haven't noticed, there's always an actor/actress in almost every movie that is either Pakistani, Bangladeshi, or Indian (Desis). Sure, they take on the role of who else but taxi drivers, convenient store workers, and gas station owners, but the fact that they are present in so many movies and tv shows, reveals the fact that they ARE catching attention. There's a large population of Desis in the U.S. and even though the Media doesn't always portray the right information, it does show a little bit of everything. For example, after my friends watched "Bendin' like Beckham" .. all they could do was ask me questions regarding the food and the clothing and also the music that took place in the movie. It helped me become "more open" towards my friends and I actually got the chance to explain what REALLY my cultural values are about and how they differ from one ethnicity to another.
To be honest, I was only 6-7 year old and I barely knew anything about America. All my family told me was that America is the "best place to live in" and that you can do whatever you want in it. My mom constantly told me that it's a place where people go to college and become great doctors with lots of money. I basically thought, America was the place where everyone wanted to be at, but not everyone received the same opportunity. Now after so many years, I've realized that it's technically true.
Well, if you haven't noticed, there's always an actor/actress in almost every movie that is either Pakistani, Bangladeshi, or Indian (Desis). Sure, they take on the role of who else but taxi drivers, convenient store workers, and gas station owners, but the fact that they are present in so many movies and tv shows, reveals the fact that they ARE catching attention. There's a large population of Desis in the U.S. and even though the Media doesn't always portray the right information, it does show a little bit of everything. For example, after my friends watched "Bendin' like Beckham" .. all they could do was ask me questions regarding the food and the clothing and also the music that took place in the movie. It helped me become "more open" towards my friends and I actually got the chance to explain what REALLY my cultural values are about and how they differ from one ethnicity to another.
CD Assignment: Bio 202
Take Home Assignment Number 1 Laayla Muhammad
Due: October 13, 2007
2.4.1 How many layers can you distinguish in the epidermis? The dermis?
Answer: Using the low magnification, I could only distinguish one layer, even though there are five layers in epidermis. I could only distuinguish two layers, when there are actually four layers in the dermis.
2.4.2.1 Now how many layers can you distinguish in each of these tissues?
Using the high magnification, I can distinguish that:
In the Epidermis: The stratum comeum has only one layer, when in actuality, it has up to 30 layers, the stratum lucidum has only one layer, but in actuality it has three to five layers, the stratum granulosum has three layers, when it can range from three to five layers, the stratum spinosum has three layers when it really has many many layers, and the stratum basale has a single layer. I can also distinguish that in the Dermis: The dermal papilla is one layer, which is the superficial tissue; and the reticular is the other layer, which is the deep tissue.
2.4.3 How are the cells in the dermis different from the cells in the epidermis?
The cells in the dermis and the cells in the epidermis are different in variety of ways. First of all, there is more intercellular fluid in each cell of the dermis when compared to the dried up cells in the epidermis. Because of their dryness, the cells in the epidermis tend to look smaller in size. Second of all, the cells in the epidermis are packed closer and are more lined up in an organized manner. The cells in the dermis are not even lined up and tend to swirl together.
3.2 List 3 features of the structure or organization of these two types of bone and tell how they are similar or how they are different in the two types of bone.
As the cancellous bone has spaces between the trabeculae, the compact bone has perforating canals through the osteon. The canal normally pierces oseton at raight angle to central canal. In both, the cancellous bone and the compact bone, nerves and blood vessels travel through channels. When it comes to structure, the cellelous bone is spongy, a feature that cater to its function. The cancellous bone is the inner cavity of the bone, and the compact bone has a central opening with a surrounding cylundrical column of osteon. The compact bone helps support. Both of these bones can also be similar because compact bone contains interstitial lamina and the cancellous bone contain marrow and both of these features fill up spaces between each bone type.
3.4 List 3 features of the structure or organization of these three types of cartilage and tell how they are similar or how they are different in the three types of cartilage.
The three shared features of the structure or organization of the three types of cartilages are lacuna, which are small spaces. These spaces contain chondrocytes, which arespread through the matrix. This feature is in all three of the cartilages. Fibrous cartilage lacks a certain layer, that Elastic and Hyaline cartilages have, which is a chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium. All three of these cartilages differ in their functions of the matrix formations. The fibrous cartilage contains bundles of branding elastic fibers and chondrocytes which are arranged in clusters through the matrix. It has an alternating layering of hyaline and collagen fibers becaue the elastic cartilage only has bundles of branching elastic fibers while the hyaline cartilage has chondrocytes in custers.
4.2 List 3 features of the structure or organization of these three types of muscle and tell how they are similar or how they are different in the three types of muscle tissue.
The three features of the structure or organization of the three types of muscle (smooth, cardiac, and skeletal) differ and relate to each other in variety of ways. The smooth muscle
The smooth muscle (involuntary) has spindle-shaped muscle cells with tapered ends and have single oval shaped nucleus. Fibers are tightly packed and arranged in staggered arrays. Skeletal muscle has an elongated nucleus that are outside of the cell. There are dark and light unique transverse bands inside. Cardiac muscle has some features of skeletal muscle and some features of smooth muscle, making it a combination of both. In cardiac muscles, cells branch and join to each other by intercalated discs that can be distinguished by microscopes. Cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle are similar because they have narrow transverse bands and multiple nucleus. Cardiac and smooth muscles are similar since nuclei are elongated.
Due: October 13, 2007
2.4.1 How many layers can you distinguish in the epidermis? The dermis?
Answer: Using the low magnification, I could only distinguish one layer, even though there are five layers in epidermis. I could only distuinguish two layers, when there are actually four layers in the dermis.
2.4.2.1 Now how many layers can you distinguish in each of these tissues?
Using the high magnification, I can distinguish that:
In the Epidermis: The stratum comeum has only one layer, when in actuality, it has up to 30 layers, the stratum lucidum has only one layer, but in actuality it has three to five layers, the stratum granulosum has three layers, when it can range from three to five layers, the stratum spinosum has three layers when it really has many many layers, and the stratum basale has a single layer. I can also distinguish that in the Dermis: The dermal papilla is one layer, which is the superficial tissue; and the reticular is the other layer, which is the deep tissue.
2.4.3 How are the cells in the dermis different from the cells in the epidermis?
The cells in the dermis and the cells in the epidermis are different in variety of ways. First of all, there is more intercellular fluid in each cell of the dermis when compared to the dried up cells in the epidermis. Because of their dryness, the cells in the epidermis tend to look smaller in size. Second of all, the cells in the epidermis are packed closer and are more lined up in an organized manner. The cells in the dermis are not even lined up and tend to swirl together.
3.2 List 3 features of the structure or organization of these two types of bone and tell how they are similar or how they are different in the two types of bone.
As the cancellous bone has spaces between the trabeculae, the compact bone has perforating canals through the osteon. The canal normally pierces oseton at raight angle to central canal. In both, the cancellous bone and the compact bone, nerves and blood vessels travel through channels. When it comes to structure, the cellelous bone is spongy, a feature that cater to its function. The cancellous bone is the inner cavity of the bone, and the compact bone has a central opening with a surrounding cylundrical column of osteon. The compact bone helps support. Both of these bones can also be similar because compact bone contains interstitial lamina and the cancellous bone contain marrow and both of these features fill up spaces between each bone type.
3.4 List 3 features of the structure or organization of these three types of cartilage and tell how they are similar or how they are different in the three types of cartilage.
The three shared features of the structure or organization of the three types of cartilages are lacuna, which are small spaces. These spaces contain chondrocytes, which arespread through the matrix. This feature is in all three of the cartilages. Fibrous cartilage lacks a certain layer, that Elastic and Hyaline cartilages have, which is a chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium. All three of these cartilages differ in their functions of the matrix formations. The fibrous cartilage contains bundles of branding elastic fibers and chondrocytes which are arranged in clusters through the matrix. It has an alternating layering of hyaline and collagen fibers becaue the elastic cartilage only has bundles of branching elastic fibers while the hyaline cartilage has chondrocytes in custers.
4.2 List 3 features of the structure or organization of these three types of muscle and tell how they are similar or how they are different in the three types of muscle tissue.
The three features of the structure or organization of the three types of muscle (smooth, cardiac, and skeletal) differ and relate to each other in variety of ways. The smooth muscle
The smooth muscle (involuntary) has spindle-shaped muscle cells with tapered ends and have single oval shaped nucleus. Fibers are tightly packed and arranged in staggered arrays. Skeletal muscle has an elongated nucleus that are outside of the cell. There are dark and light unique transverse bands inside. Cardiac muscle has some features of skeletal muscle and some features of smooth muscle, making it a combination of both. In cardiac muscles, cells branch and join to each other by intercalated discs that can be distinguished by microscopes. Cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle are similar because they have narrow transverse bands and multiple nucleus. Cardiac and smooth muscles are similar since nuclei are elongated.
Dorian Gray Outline
How the lives of characters are deeply affected by one another in The Picture of Dorian Gray
Basic being obsessed by Dorian Gray (drawing the picture in the 1st place)
- he fears that he has put too much of himself into the work. He worries that his love, which he himself describes as “idolatry,” is too apparent, and that it betrays too much of himself.
- He claims that Dorian possesses a beauty so rare that it has helped him realize a new kind of art
- through Dorian, he finds “the lines of a fresh school.”
- Dorian also helps Basil realize his artistic potential
- as the portrait of Dorian that Basil paints proves to be his masterpiece.
The picture drawn by Basil Hallward affecting Dorian Gray's life
- Dorian becomes jealous
- switches lives with the painting
- becomes obsessed as it takes over his life
- ends up killing Basil over it (his own friend)
- it teaches him about the immorality of art
Lord Henry Wotton affecting Dorian Gray (vital role in Dorian's development)
- His pleasure-seeking philosophy of “new Hedonism,” which espouses garnering experiences that stimulate the senses without regard for conventional morality, plays a vital role in Dorian’s development.
- Dorian falls under his spell so completely
- gives Dorian that book saying "“[t]he books that the world calls immoral are books that show the world its own shame."
- But since the decadent book that Lord Henry lends Dorian facilitates Dorian’s downfall, it is difficult to accept what Lord Henry says as true.
- that his most salient characteristics—his youth and physical attractiveness—are ever waning
- According to Basil, Dorian has a “simple and a beautiful nature” that could easily be spoiled by Lord Henry’s cynicism.
Dorian Gray affecting that one Sibyl Vane (committing suicide)
- Sibyl’s love for Dorian compromises her ability to act,
- as her experience of true love in life makes her realize the falseness of affecting emotions on stage.
- When Dorian rejects her, she commits suicide
Basic being obsessed by Dorian Gray (drawing the picture in the 1st place)
- he fears that he has put too much of himself into the work. He worries that his love, which he himself describes as “idolatry,” is too apparent, and that it betrays too much of himself.
- He claims that Dorian possesses a beauty so rare that it has helped him realize a new kind of art
- through Dorian, he finds “the lines of a fresh school.”
- Dorian also helps Basil realize his artistic potential
- as the portrait of Dorian that Basil paints proves to be his masterpiece.
The picture drawn by Basil Hallward affecting Dorian Gray's life
- Dorian becomes jealous
- switches lives with the painting
- becomes obsessed as it takes over his life
- ends up killing Basil over it (his own friend)
- it teaches him about the immorality of art
Lord Henry Wotton affecting Dorian Gray (vital role in Dorian's development)
- His pleasure-seeking philosophy of “new Hedonism,” which espouses garnering experiences that stimulate the senses without regard for conventional morality, plays a vital role in Dorian’s development.
- Dorian falls under his spell so completely
- gives Dorian that book saying "“[t]he books that the world calls immoral are books that show the world its own shame."
- But since the decadent book that Lord Henry lends Dorian facilitates Dorian’s downfall, it is difficult to accept what Lord Henry says as true.
- that his most salient characteristics—his youth and physical attractiveness—are ever waning
- According to Basil, Dorian has a “simple and a beautiful nature” that could easily be spoiled by Lord Henry’s cynicism.
Dorian Gray affecting that one Sibyl Vane (committing suicide)
- Sibyl’s love for Dorian compromises her ability to act,
- as her experience of true love in life makes her realize the falseness of affecting emotions on stage.
- When Dorian rejects her, she commits suicide
Hamlet Act 5
I have a question. Maybe I just didn't understand what was being said here... but what did Hamlet mean when he said, "Here hung those lips that I have kissed I know not how oft.".. (Act 5, Scene 1) when they were talking about the jester. Did Hamlet just say how he used to kiss the jester? ........
I also thought it was pretty interesting how flowers were brought up in this act again. Laertes says, "And from her fair and unpolluted flesh May violets spring!" So I'm assuming that violet flowers in this case represent virginity and purity. Then the Queen mentions how Ophelia's bed should have been covered with flowers, not her grave. So basically, the flowers should have represented a wedding, but instead, they represented a funeral.
I have another question. Right before when Hamlet and Laerter start fighting each other, why did Hamlet jump in Ophelia's grave? I don't get it. It was really random and seemed unnecessary. Is it supposed to emphasize his "madness?" Then later on Hamlet says:
"Dost thou come here to whine,
To outface me with leaping in her grave?
Be buried quick with her?—and so will I."
So this means that it was supposed to show who has more love for Ophelia? Right?
I thought when Osric came in, it was funny with that whole "hat" issue. Hamlet's just goofy.
Now for the main question that I've been meaning to answer, whether if Horatio will be leaving anything out in the story he tells (of Hamlet) or not... I think he'll be leaving some things out, but not all. It's true that he wasn't there when the ghost of Hamlet's father was telling Hamlet to avenge his death. But later on, Hamlet did tell Horatio that Claudius poisoned his father. During the "play," Horatio might not have been in on the trap that Hamlet had set for Claudius, but I'm pretty sure, when going back to tell people the story, the idea would've "clicked" in his head. I mean, didn't the King make a big scene and leave? I overall think that it was the right decision to make Horatio the "story-teller" at the end. He had no drama with any of the people in the court, and that way, he can tell the story like it is without actually being part of it. He is blood free, and isn't guilty of lying or hiding the truth. Unlike Guild. and Rosen., he wasn't snooping around and sucking up to the King. He was Hamlet's FRIEND, and therefore, he seems fit to tell Hamlet's life's story as well.
I also thought it was pretty interesting how flowers were brought up in this act again. Laertes says, "And from her fair and unpolluted flesh May violets spring!" So I'm assuming that violet flowers in this case represent virginity and purity. Then the Queen mentions how Ophelia's bed should have been covered with flowers, not her grave. So basically, the flowers should have represented a wedding, but instead, they represented a funeral.
I have another question. Right before when Hamlet and Laerter start fighting each other, why did Hamlet jump in Ophelia's grave? I don't get it. It was really random and seemed unnecessary. Is it supposed to emphasize his "madness?" Then later on Hamlet says:
"Dost thou come here to whine,
To outface me with leaping in her grave?
Be buried quick with her?—and so will I."
So this means that it was supposed to show who has more love for Ophelia? Right?
I thought when Osric came in, it was funny with that whole "hat" issue. Hamlet's just goofy.
Now for the main question that I've been meaning to answer, whether if Horatio will be leaving anything out in the story he tells (of Hamlet) or not... I think he'll be leaving some things out, but not all. It's true that he wasn't there when the ghost of Hamlet's father was telling Hamlet to avenge his death. But later on, Hamlet did tell Horatio that Claudius poisoned his father. During the "play," Horatio might not have been in on the trap that Hamlet had set for Claudius, but I'm pretty sure, when going back to tell people the story, the idea would've "clicked" in his head. I mean, didn't the King make a big scene and leave? I overall think that it was the right decision to make Horatio the "story-teller" at the end. He had no drama with any of the people in the court, and that way, he can tell the story like it is without actually being part of it. He is blood free, and isn't guilty of lying or hiding the truth. Unlike Guild. and Rosen., he wasn't snooping around and sucking up to the King. He was Hamlet's FRIEND, and therefore, he seems fit to tell Hamlet's life's story as well.
Hamlet Act 3
I think when Hamlet was directing the players on how to perform the play the "right way".. it was really interesting. He kept emphasizing that actors shouldn't exaggerate their feelings/emotions and he hates it when they do because plays are supposed to reflect off of what really happened. It reminded me of the time when we were discussing Hamlet's reaction to his problems. I remember some of us said how we think Hamlet is being a bit too emotional and it's annoying. It just all seemed a bit ironic to me.
The way Hamlet treated Ophelia was absurd. I can't believe the things he said to her in such a demeaning manner. But personally, I'm not convinced that he is REALLY crazy here. I think the only times I'll be convinced that perhaps Hamlet's craziness isn't just an act is when he's talking to himself and saying crazy things. This whole scene with Ophelia could be part of his plan and he just wants her to believe he has gone crazy.
I have a question about Hamlet and Horatio in Act 3, Scene 2. I thought Hamlet didn't tell anyone about what the ghost has revealed to him. But then he says, "One scene of it comes near the circumstance Which I have told thee of my father's death." So why is Hamlet asking Horatio to watch Claudius' reaction to the specific parts of the play? And when did he tell him? Did I miss something?
I think it was HILARIOUS how Hamlet's mother asks him to sit by her at the beginning of the play and he says "No, good mother. Here's metal more attractive" and then sits next to Ophelia. haahha.
I think the imagery in Claudius' monologue at the beginning of scene 3 was great. I'm surprised that his conscience actually comes into play and the audience is led to believe that he really feels sorry for his crime. I mean, what is that supposed to show? That Claudius, after all, is actually a better person than Hamlet thinks? I'm not sure if we're supposed to give Claudius' any sympathy here. Is he meant to look weaker because of his guilt? And that's why Hamlet didn't kill him, right? Because even he wants to find an opportunity to kill Claudius when he's being corrupt.
Finally, I think Polonius' death was ... very awkward. So he's accidentally killed? haha. I mean in a way, his death kind of fits his character because he's been looked at as a joke throughout most of the play and it makes kind of sense for his death to be taken lightly. But still. It's just weird how Hamlet comes out of no where and stabs the poor guy. Hamlet doesn't seem all heroic to me right now.
The way Hamlet treated Ophelia was absurd. I can't believe the things he said to her in such a demeaning manner. But personally, I'm not convinced that he is REALLY crazy here. I think the only times I'll be convinced that perhaps Hamlet's craziness isn't just an act is when he's talking to himself and saying crazy things. This whole scene with Ophelia could be part of his plan and he just wants her to believe he has gone crazy.
I have a question about Hamlet and Horatio in Act 3, Scene 2. I thought Hamlet didn't tell anyone about what the ghost has revealed to him. But then he says, "One scene of it comes near the circumstance Which I have told thee of my father's death." So why is Hamlet asking Horatio to watch Claudius' reaction to the specific parts of the play? And when did he tell him? Did I miss something?
I think it was HILARIOUS how Hamlet's mother asks him to sit by her at the beginning of the play and he says "No, good mother. Here's metal more attractive" and then sits next to Ophelia. haahha.
I think the imagery in Claudius' monologue at the beginning of scene 3 was great. I'm surprised that his conscience actually comes into play and the audience is led to believe that he really feels sorry for his crime. I mean, what is that supposed to show? That Claudius, after all, is actually a better person than Hamlet thinks? I'm not sure if we're supposed to give Claudius' any sympathy here. Is he meant to look weaker because of his guilt? And that's why Hamlet didn't kill him, right? Because even he wants to find an opportunity to kill Claudius when he's being corrupt.
Finally, I think Polonius' death was ... very awkward. So he's accidentally killed? haha. I mean in a way, his death kind of fits his character because he's been looked at as a joke throughout most of the play and it makes kind of sense for his death to be taken lightly. But still. It's just weird how Hamlet comes out of no where and stabs the poor guy. Hamlet doesn't seem all heroic to me right now.
Hamlet Quotes Explanations
Act 1: Scene 5:
HAMLET
Haste me to know 't, that I, with wings as swift
30 As meditation or the thoughts of love,
May sweep to my revenge.
Translation:
HAMLET
Hurry and tell me about it, so I can take revenge right away, faster than a person falls in love.
As for Hamlet and his attentions to you, just consider it a big flirtation, the temporary phase of a hot-blooded youth. It won't last. It's sweet, but his affection will fade after a minute. Not a second more.
I found several lines/quotes to be very interesting. I was actually finding a lot of similarities between this play and As You Like It. There are lots of lines about the nature of love and how people act upon it. I noticed this in the speech Laertes gives to Ophelia and also the speech Polonius gives to Ophelia. When speaking with Ophelia, Laertes says:
"For Hamlet and the trifling of his favor,
Hold it a fashion and a toy in blood,
A violet in the youth of primy nature,
Forward, not permanent, sweet, not lasting,
The perfume and suppliance of a minute.
No more. "
He calls what Hamlet has for Ophelia a "toy in blood" and a "violet in the youth of primy nature." He implies that love/crushes are not permanent and that they are only there for the time being. They don't last, and therefore he's trying to convince Ophelia not to fall for Hamlet. He compares Hamlet's love for Ophelia to a perfume that only lasts for a minute. This reminds me of As You Like It as love is being described in a derogatory way. Touchstone doesn't take it seriously and everyone's so quick to marry one another as soon as they meet each other. They're quick to express emotions and we see a little bit of that going on between Hamlet and Ophelia. When Ophelia's father is speaking to her about Hamlet, he gives a rather long explanation from his perspective on the situation. He states, " When the blood burns, how prodigal the soul Lends the tongue vows." He too describes what Hamlet is feeling as a temporary feeling that will soon go away. In fact, he forbids her to see Hamlet. I'm kind of confused here though. Polonius says that Hamlet's vows are like brokers, not because of what their investments show, but how they disguise themselves in unholy and corrupted thoughts. Who are these brokers referring to? Priests? Individuals who are pretending to be religious when they aren't?
I also thought the lines ( 1.5.29-31) were interesting too. Hamlet's talking to the ghost of his father and he's telling him to hurry up and says how "with wings as swift as meditation or the thoughts of love" to describe how fast this whole "Oh I love you!" thing happens between people. It also reminds me of the random couplings in As You Like It. It'd kind of ironic to hear this from Hamlet because isn't he the one falling in love with Ophelia all of a sudden? Maybe he just needs someone there, after his father's death and maybe she seems attracting enough to be his last resort for some sort of satisfaction/joy. I also want to add that I think Polonius and Laertes do believe in true love, unlike Touchstone. They just think it takes time for it to develop and are afraid they might lose Ophelia to Hamlet's fake and flattering ways.
HAMLET
Haste me to know 't, that I, with wings as swift
30 As meditation or the thoughts of love,
May sweep to my revenge.
Translation:
HAMLET
Hurry and tell me about it, so I can take revenge right away, faster than a person falls in love.
As for Hamlet and his attentions to you, just consider it a big flirtation, the temporary phase of a hot-blooded youth. It won't last. It's sweet, but his affection will fade after a minute. Not a second more.
I found several lines/quotes to be very interesting. I was actually finding a lot of similarities between this play and As You Like It. There are lots of lines about the nature of love and how people act upon it. I noticed this in the speech Laertes gives to Ophelia and also the speech Polonius gives to Ophelia. When speaking with Ophelia, Laertes says:
"For Hamlet and the trifling of his favor,
Hold it a fashion and a toy in blood,
A violet in the youth of primy nature,
Forward, not permanent, sweet, not lasting,
The perfume and suppliance of a minute.
No more. "
He calls what Hamlet has for Ophelia a "toy in blood" and a "violet in the youth of primy nature." He implies that love/crushes are not permanent and that they are only there for the time being. They don't last, and therefore he's trying to convince Ophelia not to fall for Hamlet. He compares Hamlet's love for Ophelia to a perfume that only lasts for a minute. This reminds me of As You Like It as love is being described in a derogatory way. Touchstone doesn't take it seriously and everyone's so quick to marry one another as soon as they meet each other. They're quick to express emotions and we see a little bit of that going on between Hamlet and Ophelia. When Ophelia's father is speaking to her about Hamlet, he gives a rather long explanation from his perspective on the situation. He states, " When the blood burns, how prodigal the soul Lends the tongue vows." He too describes what Hamlet is feeling as a temporary feeling that will soon go away. In fact, he forbids her to see Hamlet. I'm kind of confused here though. Polonius says that Hamlet's vows are like brokers, not because of what their investments show, but how they disguise themselves in unholy and corrupted thoughts. Who are these brokers referring to? Priests? Individuals who are pretending to be religious when they aren't?
I also thought the lines ( 1.5.29-31) were interesting too. Hamlet's talking to the ghost of his father and he's telling him to hurry up and says how "with wings as swift as meditation or the thoughts of love" to describe how fast this whole "Oh I love you!" thing happens between people. It also reminds me of the random couplings in As You Like It. It'd kind of ironic to hear this from Hamlet because isn't he the one falling in love with Ophelia all of a sudden? Maybe he just needs someone there, after his father's death and maybe she seems attracting enough to be his last resort for some sort of satisfaction/joy. I also want to add that I think Polonius and Laertes do believe in true love, unlike Touchstone. They just think it takes time for it to develop and are afraid they might lose Ophelia to Hamlet's fake and flattering ways.
Frankenstein's summary: Laa's Original Format
Laayla Muhammad
AP English 3rd Block
Letter 1
So basically, Walton is this guy trying to reach the North Pole. He's writing a letter to his sis Margaret and tellin' her about how bad he had wanted to do this all his life. He was rich and led an easy life but he just wanted fame all along. He talks about how he's gonna discover a shortcut as in a northern passage to the pacific and how he's gonna find out all about the magnetism of the earth and of course, be the 1st one to be walkin' all over north pole. See when his dad was dying, he ordered his bro to never let Walton go seafaring. So Walton is whinin' about that stuff to his sis and is tryin' to justify why he's goin' out on this "important journey" and how he rather walk round in his fur coat than sit still in the plane for hours. He has great confidence in what he's trying to do. Too much pride can hurt you though... Anyways, he has this ship where he's the captain and they're gonna sail up to the north pole and chill....literally.
Letter 2
Okay so Walton is really whining now. He tells his sis how no matter what happens, he's never gonna be "satisfied" because he has no friends to share anything with. If he succeeds, he can't have someone being superduper happy for him and if he fails, no one will be sad for him. He longs to have a friend and says how he's a "romantic" because he "desires" a man to feel sorry with him. I wonder if he's gay. Then he talks about how as a kid, all he did was read Uncle Thomas's books of voyages and that he can't help but be this way and that he feels stupider than 15 year olds. He keeps on ranting on about his lieutenant and how great of a man he is (envying a man...again?) because of his "courageous and glorious" ways and how he has made this one woman super jolly. The problem was that as he was about to get married to this one girl, she confessed how she loved another man, but he was poor. Then somewhere in there the father's consent to marriage becomes a big deal, like some typical low class bollywood movie. Knowing this, this lietenant gives parts of his wealth + this farm to this poor man and the father is still complaining about the wedding. Later on though, the couple does get married and at the end, the lieutenant is this big shot. In any case, I also think something is going between him and his sis because of the way he says "I love you very TENDERLY." He asks her to remember him with "affection". Maybe it's an incestuous gay fest. Who knows? What we should notice is that as he's ending this letter, he says "but I shall kill no Albatross; therefore do not be alarmed for my safety.." In the poem we analyzed in class "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," the mariner shot the albatross and committed the greatest sin of all for not appreciating God's creation and later was punished by being cursed. This is what Walton refers to in the text. Good analysis Laa! :)
Letter 3
Walton is in a bit of hurry and stops to write a few things to his sis again. He tells her how the crew is still doin' good and it has gotten to be a little warmer ("height of the summer") - the point of this letter is to show how convinced he is of his safety and is determined to continue with this journey and succeed.
Letter 4
Whoa, so something bad does happen. About time. On July 31st, (haha Billa's birthday) Walton's ship got surrounded by ice. As the fog cleared up, they saw this weird HUGE guy with a sledge led by dogs. Then he vanished and in a little while, the ice broke up and the path cleared up. They rested and such and then in the morning, they find another diff. guy with a similiar sledge. The dude's all weak and starving like a bum, and they get him on the boat. But see, they're surprised 'cause in his condition, he shouldn't give a care where they're going but he kept askin' -- and when they were like "it's headin' north," he finally got in. The whole crew was all curious to find out what's this guy been though and they kept questioning him except Walton 'cause he knew better and didn't wanna lose his pride. But in the book it says how he was being "considerate" of the fact that the guy has already been through so much. Hmm hmm. Sure. It's funny 'cause Walton is dying with curiosity about this dude so he helps him recover and get better and within 2 days after grubbin' on soup, he does get better. They both become buddies and all of a sudden, Walton is all "yay" 'cause he found a homie. They open up like two very sentimental men (homo?) and the man is all "alarmed" to hear what Walton is trying to do and why. So the dude finally agrees to tell Walton his side of the story and Walton's all excited like a little girl with a lollipop.
Chapter 1:
Okay so the speaker is Victor Frankenstein now and he's talking about his life from the very start. He continues to relate the story back to his childhood and his parents. Basically, his father's friend Beaufort was very unstable financially and later became sick and passed away, leaving his daughter Caroline by herself with no where to go. Victor's father, Alphonso, married the girl even when she was young as ever. The age difference WAS pointed out, but it does not hold a dramatic change to affect the story. They were "truly in love" I guess and he had actually taken her "under his wings" first before they married. But in any case, then they had Victor. After a while, as they were traveling and stuff, they saw these poor families. Caroline was touched by this everytime because it reminded her of the rough times she's been through. In one of the famlies, they noticed that while all the kids were dark haired like Italians are, this one little girl was blonde and had a lighter skin color. She thought of her as prettier and wanted to know about her and found out that she was this orphan to a Milanese nobleman and a german woman. The family that was takin' care of her at the moment was very poor so Caroline adopted her into the family and wow, she was to marry Victor in the future. I was right. I kept mentioning how I'm confused and that I suspect incestous actions but I guess in the book, since they weren't actually related by blood, it's aight? Hmm, important thing to notice. Anyways, Victor was real happy and actually refers to Elizabeth as his posession rather than a sister. It's weird because he finds posession to be a higher status than Elizabeth being his sister. Hmm.
Chapter 2
He starts off talkin' about how much his sister means to him and how even as kids, they always got along. He talked about growing up with this buddy Henry and how happy his surroundings were. He talks about how she was interested in subjects like nature, so I'm assuming she was a tree hugger? He becomes interested in natural philosophy when he comes across a random book and thus, he starts studying all these authors that relate to that subject. Some of these artists were Agrippa, Paracelus, and Albertus Magnus. But see, Victor liked nature too, but differently. He liked it when things got electricuted, like that one tree during a thunderstorm. Later he discovers information about electricity and he questions what he has learned about alchemy and other subjects. He starts to doubt about all he has learned and begins to wonder if all this knowledge in his head is unrevelent and outdated. Victor is a lot like me at this stage when I begin to doubt what I'm learning in MPS and assume that none of this crap is going to help me in actual life.
Chapter 3:
This is a real sad chapter as Victor starts talking about how sick his mother became at one point. He was all ready to go off to college so his sister Maggie ended up taking care of the mother. As his mother was laying in her death bed, she started doing what every dying mother does, which is making last demands and disaplaying them as wishes and such. She expressed how she wanted Maggie and Victor to marry one another and with that, Victor leaves to college finally. He ends up feeling really disappointed when one of the professions he meet tells him that he's been wasting his time reading up on alchemy and such, when these subjects aren't even updated. But of course, with his "pride" ... VIctor emphasizes how he already had doubts and needed those doubts to be confirmed. He starts paying attention to what he should have been, science. He attends a Chemistry lecture and begins to gain great interest.
Chapter 4:
So Victor basically becomes a nerd and he starts to isolate himself where it's just him and education. One can only imagine the thirst in him for nature. It's like that thirst that nothing can quench except sprite? or mountain dew? or was it Sierra Mist? AH! It was. Anyways, he ends up being what this generation... or any generation would call a loser. He has no friends and he doesn't talk to his family back in Geneva. He basically becomes the first official emo kid in Europe. What should be noticed is the fact that his modest desire to obtain knowledge is stronger than ever at this phase. The subject he concentrates the most on is anatomy, the make up of the human body. He emphaizes learning about how a body decays once after death and he basically tires himself out from studying all day and night. His priorities shift from family to education as #1. He becomes that "teacher's pet" and impresses all his professors and even yet he still want to obtain great knowledge. He ends up fnding the secret of life, you know, that thing, I'm still searching for. And basically, this is the point where he begins to create his OWN life as an experiment. He's alone in his little home and he hides himself from the public for privacy. He becomes paranoid and goes off in greath lengths with his plans. He is pretty optimistic abot what he is about to do and thinks himself of this great being. He's basically playing the role of God. And we all know what happens when we imitate God... don't we? There should be like omnious music playing in the background, honestly.
Chapter 5:
So Victor finally finishes his creation and it has taken him some time to achieve that. The only problem is, what he has composed is not something attractive or appealing, in fact, it's hideous. It's in fact, SO scary looking that he refuses to look at it and rushes to another room for safety. He lays there and soon enough falls asleep. The next morning he wakes up and finds this hideous lookin' thing staring right at him. This scene frightened him to a large extent and forced him to leave to the yard in fear. He pondered all night and began to develop almost regretting thoughts. He got SO scared that he started walking away, randomly, saying he'll never go back to that place. He runs into his friend Henry who is all jolly to see Victor finally. Victor was actually relieved to finally see a recognized soul around him, he felt safer. Henry notices how pale and sick Victor is and they both go back to the Victor's home. Victor's panicking because he thinks the monster is going to be just standin' there waitin' for him like how wives wait on their husbands all the time. -sigh. Anyways, they go back and they don't find the monster, but Victor falls into sickness. Luckily for him, Henry is there to take care of him. This is mainly because he doesn't want to stress Victor's family back at home by bringing him back to them when he's sick. Instead, he helps Victor recover and writes to Elizabeth, reporting him of Victor' s progress. Later, Henry informs victor of a letter Elizabeth, his cousin, has wrote for him.
Chapter 6:
Victor begins to read Elizabeth's letter that basically informs him about everything that has been happening back at home. She explains how they have been worried sick about him and that they wish to hear from him. She tells him about individual family members, basically keepin' him up to date with everything. She tells him how Justine is this girl living with their family now because her mother has passed away. I guess she used to live with them before, but her mother stopped her, but now since she has passed away, she has come back. She also tells him about all these gossips around the town. Victor writes her back, assuring her that he's going to write back to her all the time now and that he does care. Victor, at this stage, can't stop thinking about the monster. He is trying very hard to avoid any sort of confrontation about it. He introduces Henry to his studies and his professors. Every time he does this, he goes through this own personal moment where he's dreading every moment of it because the monster comes to his thoughts. Later on, Victor goes back to Geneva and he waits on a letter from his father with the date of the him leaving. Both friends roam through the city and basically try to hold positive aspects on life and appreciate the beauty of nature.
Chapter 7:
As Victor and his friend Henry are coming back from the university, they find a letter stating how his brother William was murdered. He is startled and shocked by this and decides to return back to see what is going on. The problem occurs when he realizes that the gates has been shut down because of the time it took him to get back. Therefore, he stupidly decides to just randomly walk through the woods, something I wouldn't EVER do because I'm ..uh sane? And so he goes to the spot where his bro's dead body was found and he notices something even more shocking. He sees the monster, the one he created and fled from. Random thoughts go through his mind and he assumes the worst, that it was his monster that killed his brother. He is too afraid to come out and say this, even when he realizes that Justine is the one who is being blamed for William's death. Supposedly, a picture of Caroline was found in her pockets, and William was the one who last had it. Even with this as evidence, Victor has a mind of his own to conclude to his assumptions. He just doesn't want people to think he's some lunatic, because it's obvious at first, no one will believe him.
Chapter 8:
The chapter starts off by Justine actually admitting to the murder. She had entered the court with guilt and all the proof against her innocent was presented. Even though Justine goes through such confession, she modestly informs Victor and Elizabeth that it wasn't her who killed William. Even though they do believe her word and realize she is innocent, the court finds her guilty of murder and she is given the death penalty. This enraged Victor, who is positive that his monster is responsible for his brother's death. He finds the monster responsible for not one, but of two deaths, William and Justine. They both mourn and grieve over the unfortunate deaths that occurred. Victor states, "Tuhs, spoke my prophetic soul, as, torn by remorse, horror, and despair, I behalf those I loved spend vain sorrow upon the grabs of William and Justine, the first hapless victims to my unhallowed arts."
Chapter 9:
There is a sudden change in Victor, and he experiences depressive thoughts due to proceeding events. He reaches a phase where he says his heart's been overflowed with kindness, and that he did have benevolent intentions and a thirst to make himself useful to other people. What he feels now, is just guilt, regret, for what he has caused to happen. His mind fills with remorse and he states that solitude is his only consolation-- deep, dark, deathlike solitude. Remorse has extinguished every hope that he had in his heart for the future. Victor's thoughts lead him to become suicidal and he contemplates about death and his existence's benefits to humanity. Yet, he feels that he has a duty to be there for Elizabeth and his father. Alphonse basically takes his children on a trip to the family home in Belrive. Victor decides to just roam on his own and he disappears toward the valley of Chamounix. The scenery is beautiful and he begins to become cheerful even though his respite from grief is not for long. An important thing to notice is the fact that nature itself, is a main factor in always changing Victor's mood around. He always becomes more sensitive and joyful when he surrounds himself with nature and its beauty. Similarly, when him and Henry were spending some time together, they began to feel happiness and less stress as they walked together and observed nature's beautiful views.
Chapter 10:
In this chapter, Victor's feelings begin to change back. The weather is cloudy and rainy, and he decides to travel to the summit of Montanvert. He hopes to view the pure, eternal, and beautiful natural scene so he can feel joy again. He wants his spirits to be uplifted, and like mentioned earlier, nature and its beauties reflect joy and hope to Victor. As he begins to reach the highest point, is he momentarily consoled by the sublime view. He walks to the opposite side of the glacier and sees nothing else but that awful monster he created, coming towards him really fast. He fills up with rage and threatens the monster. Luckily for the monster, he was quick enough to escape from Victor, who begins to curse him and orders him to stay away. A dramatic change occurs when the monster actually starts speaking to Victor himself. He tells Victor that he wants to hold a conversation with him so they go to an icy cave and sit around the fire. Like a story, within a story, within a story, now it's the monster who begins to tell his life experiences. It's important to notice that as soon as an individual's side is presented in the book, its character's reputation also shifts. The monster is pointed out to be the villain so far, but this takes on a change as he takes his chance to justify his actions, just like Victor is doing in that ship actually.
Chapter 11:
As they sit down around the cozy fire, the monster begins his story. He tells Victor how confused he has been after being created. He talks about how he left Victor's home and ran into the woods to discover things on his own. He discovered a lot about the world, with only confusion and rejection though. He learned about light, dark, hunger, thirst, and the cold weather. He talks about how he learned about the uses of fire and the advantages it provides, such as keeping one warm and making more food. The monster tells Victor that even though the fire had great benefits to it, it burned his hand when he touched it. He grew in fear of it, yet he began to relax and use it to his benefits only. He discovered that if he added more wood to it, the fire would increase. The monster had to feed himself so while searching, he came across a small hut. He entered it and happened to scare the heck out of the old man that was inside the hut. The man started to yell and shout in fear and ran away. The monster walked out of the hut to the actual village, where he experienced high amount of rejection. People shrieked and kept their distance. They did not recognize a hideous creature like him and did not give him a chance. Everyone thought of their best interest, which was to not interact with the monster. This lead him to make a decision to stay away from people. On one of the nights, he decides to stay at a small hovel next to a cottage and in the morning, he notices a crack. When he sees through that crack, he concludes that he spots an old man, a young woman, and a young man chillin' in there.
Chapter 12:
While it is creepy, the monster begins to observe these three certain people for a while. He notices that these people are not joyful, and most of the time, they are sad and their emotional distress is shown upon their actions. He states that he wasn't sure why they were so sad, but he assumed they were. Later on, he notices that they are sad because they experience poverty, mainly HIS FAULT. He had been stealing their food, and it was bad enough they were experiencing financial difficulties. The monster instantly, feels bad and fills up with guilt so he starts to compensate for their loss. At nights, he would gather the wood and anonymously leave it at their door for "convinency." Analyzing their actions and the way they speak day by day, the monster finally picks up the language and teaches himself how to speak. He notes down the name of the young man to be Felix and the young woman to be Agatha. It's sad to realize that the monster finally grows to understand his ugliness. He looks at their faces and their physical structure and begins to admire them. After catching a glance of his own reflection from the water, he gets startled and is speechless. As time went on, winter arrived, and the routine became his daily life style. He observed the three individuals and began to like them for how much they taught him, without even knowing it.
Chapter 13:
Seasons begin to change as winter turns into spring. Note: Nature, once again, is very important because this setting leads the reader to understand why certain events are taking place. Nature is used to reflect emotions and vice versa. Except surprisingly, it's spring, but Felix is saddened. Supposedly a beautiful woman in a dark dress & veil comes by the cottage on a horse to see him. He becomes super happy as he sees her and she moves into the cottage with them. Everyone becomes happy and the monster notices that she does not even speak the same language as them. Her name is Sofie, and later she picks up the usual spoken language, just like the monster. He also teaches himself how to read, after analyzing Felix as he used Constantin-François de Volney’s Ruins of Empires to instruct Safie. The monster begins to "educate" himself by picking up facts about world history. He improves his speaking skills and learns about the human society by listening to the people speak. He relates his own situation and realizes that he has no friends. Human nature is to always juxtapose sadness with isolation, which the monster experiences at this stage. “Was I then then a monster,” he asks, “a blot upon the earth, from which all men fled, and whom all men disowned?” He considers himself deformed and begins to grow doubts. He also learns about the pleasures and obligations of the family and the process/structure of relationships between people. This saddens him because, nor is he accompanied with humans, he also lacks that family and happiness they feel at times. Anyways, I personally think the monster needs a hug. A hug can fix everything. Okay, not everything, but in this case, it WOULD kind of help, after considering the fact people think he's hideous and they point and run away from him.
Chapter 14:
From days of analyzing and observing these individuals, the monster begins to learn about the past life's experiences of these people. The old man was supposedly this respectable successful citizen in Paid and the two young individuals are his children. Safie's father was a Turk and he was accused of a crime and sentenced to death even though he was innocent (just like Justine). Felix visited the father in prison and from there, he met Safie and they fell in love. It's important to notice, that the author held that "love at first sight" concept in this novel. Whether he believes in it or not, is not justified. Felix tried to get the father out of prison and Safie let him know she was thankful for his intentions. The monster even had the copies of the letters to justify his story. The letters included the fact that Safie's mom was a Christian Arab who had been enslaved by the Turks, which stopped when she married Safie's father. Wow, so religious does come within Frankenstein and another stab at Islam is revealed. Supposedly, Safie's mother claimed Safie to be "free" from becoming a victim of being prevented from cultivature and intelligence, what Islam is responsible of (to women). This general stereotype is even portrayed in a story written by a young lady in a school. Disappointing. Anyways, so Safie wished to marry Felix because he was European and she wanted to escape from being a slave. The probem occured as Felix's family including him were exiled from France and their wealth was taken. They moved into this cottage while seeking for shelter. Safie's father was forcing her to go back with him, but she ran away and took refuge in this cottage, with her love.
Chapter 15:
One day the Monster was looking for good and he found a bag with some books and clothes. He took the books because he, too, had a thirst to obtain knowledge and know as much as he could. Victor should be able to relate to him. The books include Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s Sorrows of Werter, a volume of Plutarch’s Lives, and John Milton’s Paradise Lost, the last of which has the most profound effect on the monster. The monster does not realize that Paradise Lost is a fictional book and he reads it as true factual happenings. He finds the happenings in the story as reflections to his own situation. As the monster looks through his own pockets, he finds papers from Victor's diary and discovers how he was created and how Victor felt about him. This hurt him a lot, and it made him want to reveal himself to the cottagers with hopes that they would past see his ugliness and accept him for who he is, like that ever happens in this world now. The first individual he tries to confront is the old man, who could convince his children and Safie of what the monster wants him to, which is how past his exterior, he's a loving caring soul inside. One day he finds the old man by himself and starts to talk to him. But before he could even get to the main point, the children return and Felix scares the monster away.
Chapter 16:
The monster begins to become rageful and gets real hurt. He becomes tired of being rejected and hated without being given a chance to justify himself and speak for himself most importantly. Therefore, he swears to take revenge against all human beings and Victor mainly, his creator. For months, he kept on traveling and finally reached Geneva. On the way, he found a girl by herself and she seemed to be drowning. Acting out of the kindness in his heart, he rescues her, only to find that the man who was with her, shot him. He must've thought that the monster was attacking her. And this is where, in the woods, the monster finds William and discovers that he shares the same father as Victor. The monster gets so mad, that he basically chokes William to death and takes a picture of Caroline and puts it in Justine's pocket, who was supposedly sleeping in the barn. The monster tells Victor this whole story and tells him that he needs a friend. "Even Frankenstein wanted to be loved" - Laa. He tells Victor that he wants him to create a mate for him.
Chapter 17:
The monster justifies reasons of why he should have a female friend. Victor is persuaded to help him when the monster convinces him how all the bad happenings occured mainly due to the fact that the monster was lonely and didn't have a friend to spend time with. He assures Victor that he will not cause any more harm and live in South America in the jungles with his new mate. The monster becomes real happy and tells Victor that he will track him down when Victor is finished with this task. Victor is now burdened and taking a risk by creating another monster. OMG!! FINALLY DONE!! yay!! Frankenstein was a very interesting book to read, especially for the 2nd time.
AP English 3rd Block
Letter 1
So basically, Walton is this guy trying to reach the North Pole. He's writing a letter to his sis Margaret and tellin' her about how bad he had wanted to do this all his life. He was rich and led an easy life but he just wanted fame all along. He talks about how he's gonna discover a shortcut as in a northern passage to the pacific and how he's gonna find out all about the magnetism of the earth and of course, be the 1st one to be walkin' all over north pole. See when his dad was dying, he ordered his bro to never let Walton go seafaring. So Walton is whinin' about that stuff to his sis and is tryin' to justify why he's goin' out on this "important journey" and how he rather walk round in his fur coat than sit still in the plane for hours. He has great confidence in what he's trying to do. Too much pride can hurt you though... Anyways, he has this ship where he's the captain and they're gonna sail up to the north pole and chill....literally.
Letter 2
Okay so Walton is really whining now. He tells his sis how no matter what happens, he's never gonna be "satisfied" because he has no friends to share anything with. If he succeeds, he can't have someone being superduper happy for him and if he fails, no one will be sad for him. He longs to have a friend and says how he's a "romantic" because he "desires" a man to feel sorry with him. I wonder if he's gay. Then he talks about how as a kid, all he did was read Uncle Thomas's books of voyages and that he can't help but be this way and that he feels stupider than 15 year olds. He keeps on ranting on about his lieutenant and how great of a man he is (envying a man...again?) because of his "courageous and glorious" ways and how he has made this one woman super jolly. The problem was that as he was about to get married to this one girl, she confessed how she loved another man, but he was poor. Then somewhere in there the father's consent to marriage becomes a big deal, like some typical low class bollywood movie. Knowing this, this lietenant gives parts of his wealth + this farm to this poor man and the father is still complaining about the wedding. Later on though, the couple does get married and at the end, the lieutenant is this big shot. In any case, I also think something is going between him and his sis because of the way he says "I love you very TENDERLY." He asks her to remember him with "affection". Maybe it's an incestuous gay fest. Who knows? What we should notice is that as he's ending this letter, he says "but I shall kill no Albatross; therefore do not be alarmed for my safety.." In the poem we analyzed in class "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," the mariner shot the albatross and committed the greatest sin of all for not appreciating God's creation and later was punished by being cursed. This is what Walton refers to in the text. Good analysis Laa! :)
Letter 3
Walton is in a bit of hurry and stops to write a few things to his sis again. He tells her how the crew is still doin' good and it has gotten to be a little warmer ("height of the summer") - the point of this letter is to show how convinced he is of his safety and is determined to continue with this journey and succeed.
Letter 4
Whoa, so something bad does happen. About time. On July 31st, (haha Billa's birthday) Walton's ship got surrounded by ice. As the fog cleared up, they saw this weird HUGE guy with a sledge led by dogs. Then he vanished and in a little while, the ice broke up and the path cleared up. They rested and such and then in the morning, they find another diff. guy with a similiar sledge. The dude's all weak and starving like a bum, and they get him on the boat. But see, they're surprised 'cause in his condition, he shouldn't give a care where they're going but he kept askin' -- and when they were like "it's headin' north," he finally got in. The whole crew was all curious to find out what's this guy been though and they kept questioning him except Walton 'cause he knew better and didn't wanna lose his pride. But in the book it says how he was being "considerate" of the fact that the guy has already been through so much. Hmm hmm. Sure. It's funny 'cause Walton is dying with curiosity about this dude so he helps him recover and get better and within 2 days after grubbin' on soup, he does get better. They both become buddies and all of a sudden, Walton is all "yay" 'cause he found a homie. They open up like two very sentimental men (homo?) and the man is all "alarmed" to hear what Walton is trying to do and why. So the dude finally agrees to tell Walton his side of the story and Walton's all excited like a little girl with a lollipop.
Chapter 1:
Okay so the speaker is Victor Frankenstein now and he's talking about his life from the very start. He continues to relate the story back to his childhood and his parents. Basically, his father's friend Beaufort was very unstable financially and later became sick and passed away, leaving his daughter Caroline by herself with no where to go. Victor's father, Alphonso, married the girl even when she was young as ever. The age difference WAS pointed out, but it does not hold a dramatic change to affect the story. They were "truly in love" I guess and he had actually taken her "under his wings" first before they married. But in any case, then they had Victor. After a while, as they were traveling and stuff, they saw these poor families. Caroline was touched by this everytime because it reminded her of the rough times she's been through. In one of the famlies, they noticed that while all the kids were dark haired like Italians are, this one little girl was blonde and had a lighter skin color. She thought of her as prettier and wanted to know about her and found out that she was this orphan to a Milanese nobleman and a german woman. The family that was takin' care of her at the moment was very poor so Caroline adopted her into the family and wow, she was to marry Victor in the future. I was right. I kept mentioning how I'm confused and that I suspect incestous actions but I guess in the book, since they weren't actually related by blood, it's aight? Hmm, important thing to notice. Anyways, Victor was real happy and actually refers to Elizabeth as his posession rather than a sister. It's weird because he finds posession to be a higher status than Elizabeth being his sister. Hmm.
Chapter 2
He starts off talkin' about how much his sister means to him and how even as kids, they always got along. He talked about growing up with this buddy Henry and how happy his surroundings were. He talks about how she was interested in subjects like nature, so I'm assuming she was a tree hugger? He becomes interested in natural philosophy when he comes across a random book and thus, he starts studying all these authors that relate to that subject. Some of these artists were Agrippa, Paracelus, and Albertus Magnus. But see, Victor liked nature too, but differently. He liked it when things got electricuted, like that one tree during a thunderstorm. Later he discovers information about electricity and he questions what he has learned about alchemy and other subjects. He starts to doubt about all he has learned and begins to wonder if all this knowledge in his head is unrevelent and outdated. Victor is a lot like me at this stage when I begin to doubt what I'm learning in MPS and assume that none of this crap is going to help me in actual life.
Chapter 3:
This is a real sad chapter as Victor starts talking about how sick his mother became at one point. He was all ready to go off to college so his sister Maggie ended up taking care of the mother. As his mother was laying in her death bed, she started doing what every dying mother does, which is making last demands and disaplaying them as wishes and such. She expressed how she wanted Maggie and Victor to marry one another and with that, Victor leaves to college finally. He ends up feeling really disappointed when one of the professions he meet tells him that he's been wasting his time reading up on alchemy and such, when these subjects aren't even updated. But of course, with his "pride" ... VIctor emphasizes how he already had doubts and needed those doubts to be confirmed. He starts paying attention to what he should have been, science. He attends a Chemistry lecture and begins to gain great interest.
Chapter 4:
So Victor basically becomes a nerd and he starts to isolate himself where it's just him and education. One can only imagine the thirst in him for nature. It's like that thirst that nothing can quench except sprite? or mountain dew? or was it Sierra Mist? AH! It was. Anyways, he ends up being what this generation... or any generation would call a loser. He has no friends and he doesn't talk to his family back in Geneva. He basically becomes the first official emo kid in Europe. What should be noticed is the fact that his modest desire to obtain knowledge is stronger than ever at this phase. The subject he concentrates the most on is anatomy, the make up of the human body. He emphaizes learning about how a body decays once after death and he basically tires himself out from studying all day and night. His priorities shift from family to education as #1. He becomes that "teacher's pet" and impresses all his professors and even yet he still want to obtain great knowledge. He ends up fnding the secret of life, you know, that thing, I'm still searching for. And basically, this is the point where he begins to create his OWN life as an experiment. He's alone in his little home and he hides himself from the public for privacy. He becomes paranoid and goes off in greath lengths with his plans. He is pretty optimistic abot what he is about to do and thinks himself of this great being. He's basically playing the role of God. And we all know what happens when we imitate God... don't we? There should be like omnious music playing in the background, honestly.
Chapter 5:
So Victor finally finishes his creation and it has taken him some time to achieve that. The only problem is, what he has composed is not something attractive or appealing, in fact, it's hideous. It's in fact, SO scary looking that he refuses to look at it and rushes to another room for safety. He lays there and soon enough falls asleep. The next morning he wakes up and finds this hideous lookin' thing staring right at him. This scene frightened him to a large extent and forced him to leave to the yard in fear. He pondered all night and began to develop almost regretting thoughts. He got SO scared that he started walking away, randomly, saying he'll never go back to that place. He runs into his friend Henry who is all jolly to see Victor finally. Victor was actually relieved to finally see a recognized soul around him, he felt safer. Henry notices how pale and sick Victor is and they both go back to the Victor's home. Victor's panicking because he thinks the monster is going to be just standin' there waitin' for him like how wives wait on their husbands all the time. -sigh. Anyways, they go back and they don't find the monster, but Victor falls into sickness. Luckily for him, Henry is there to take care of him. This is mainly because he doesn't want to stress Victor's family back at home by bringing him back to them when he's sick. Instead, he helps Victor recover and writes to Elizabeth, reporting him of Victor' s progress. Later, Henry informs victor of a letter Elizabeth, his cousin, has wrote for him.
Chapter 6:
Victor begins to read Elizabeth's letter that basically informs him about everything that has been happening back at home. She explains how they have been worried sick about him and that they wish to hear from him. She tells him about individual family members, basically keepin' him up to date with everything. She tells him how Justine is this girl living with their family now because her mother has passed away. I guess she used to live with them before, but her mother stopped her, but now since she has passed away, she has come back. She also tells him about all these gossips around the town. Victor writes her back, assuring her that he's going to write back to her all the time now and that he does care. Victor, at this stage, can't stop thinking about the monster. He is trying very hard to avoid any sort of confrontation about it. He introduces Henry to his studies and his professors. Every time he does this, he goes through this own personal moment where he's dreading every moment of it because the monster comes to his thoughts. Later on, Victor goes back to Geneva and he waits on a letter from his father with the date of the him leaving. Both friends roam through the city and basically try to hold positive aspects on life and appreciate the beauty of nature.
Chapter 7:
As Victor and his friend Henry are coming back from the university, they find a letter stating how his brother William was murdered. He is startled and shocked by this and decides to return back to see what is going on. The problem occurs when he realizes that the gates has been shut down because of the time it took him to get back. Therefore, he stupidly decides to just randomly walk through the woods, something I wouldn't EVER do because I'm ..uh sane? And so he goes to the spot where his bro's dead body was found and he notices something even more shocking. He sees the monster, the one he created and fled from. Random thoughts go through his mind and he assumes the worst, that it was his monster that killed his brother. He is too afraid to come out and say this, even when he realizes that Justine is the one who is being blamed for William's death. Supposedly, a picture of Caroline was found in her pockets, and William was the one who last had it. Even with this as evidence, Victor has a mind of his own to conclude to his assumptions. He just doesn't want people to think he's some lunatic, because it's obvious at first, no one will believe him.
Chapter 8:
The chapter starts off by Justine actually admitting to the murder. She had entered the court with guilt and all the proof against her innocent was presented. Even though Justine goes through such confession, she modestly informs Victor and Elizabeth that it wasn't her who killed William. Even though they do believe her word and realize she is innocent, the court finds her guilty of murder and she is given the death penalty. This enraged Victor, who is positive that his monster is responsible for his brother's death. He finds the monster responsible for not one, but of two deaths, William and Justine. They both mourn and grieve over the unfortunate deaths that occurred. Victor states, "Tuhs, spoke my prophetic soul, as, torn by remorse, horror, and despair, I behalf those I loved spend vain sorrow upon the grabs of William and Justine, the first hapless victims to my unhallowed arts."
Chapter 9:
There is a sudden change in Victor, and he experiences depressive thoughts due to proceeding events. He reaches a phase where he says his heart's been overflowed with kindness, and that he did have benevolent intentions and a thirst to make himself useful to other people. What he feels now, is just guilt, regret, for what he has caused to happen. His mind fills with remorse and he states that solitude is his only consolation-- deep, dark, deathlike solitude. Remorse has extinguished every hope that he had in his heart for the future. Victor's thoughts lead him to become suicidal and he contemplates about death and his existence's benefits to humanity. Yet, he feels that he has a duty to be there for Elizabeth and his father. Alphonse basically takes his children on a trip to the family home in Belrive. Victor decides to just roam on his own and he disappears toward the valley of Chamounix. The scenery is beautiful and he begins to become cheerful even though his respite from grief is not for long. An important thing to notice is the fact that nature itself, is a main factor in always changing Victor's mood around. He always becomes more sensitive and joyful when he surrounds himself with nature and its beauty. Similarly, when him and Henry were spending some time together, they began to feel happiness and less stress as they walked together and observed nature's beautiful views.
Chapter 10:
In this chapter, Victor's feelings begin to change back. The weather is cloudy and rainy, and he decides to travel to the summit of Montanvert. He hopes to view the pure, eternal, and beautiful natural scene so he can feel joy again. He wants his spirits to be uplifted, and like mentioned earlier, nature and its beauties reflect joy and hope to Victor. As he begins to reach the highest point, is he momentarily consoled by the sublime view. He walks to the opposite side of the glacier and sees nothing else but that awful monster he created, coming towards him really fast. He fills up with rage and threatens the monster. Luckily for the monster, he was quick enough to escape from Victor, who begins to curse him and orders him to stay away. A dramatic change occurs when the monster actually starts speaking to Victor himself. He tells Victor that he wants to hold a conversation with him so they go to an icy cave and sit around the fire. Like a story, within a story, within a story, now it's the monster who begins to tell his life experiences. It's important to notice that as soon as an individual's side is presented in the book, its character's reputation also shifts. The monster is pointed out to be the villain so far, but this takes on a change as he takes his chance to justify his actions, just like Victor is doing in that ship actually.
Chapter 11:
As they sit down around the cozy fire, the monster begins his story. He tells Victor how confused he has been after being created. He talks about how he left Victor's home and ran into the woods to discover things on his own. He discovered a lot about the world, with only confusion and rejection though. He learned about light, dark, hunger, thirst, and the cold weather. He talks about how he learned about the uses of fire and the advantages it provides, such as keeping one warm and making more food. The monster tells Victor that even though the fire had great benefits to it, it burned his hand when he touched it. He grew in fear of it, yet he began to relax and use it to his benefits only. He discovered that if he added more wood to it, the fire would increase. The monster had to feed himself so while searching, he came across a small hut. He entered it and happened to scare the heck out of the old man that was inside the hut. The man started to yell and shout in fear and ran away. The monster walked out of the hut to the actual village, where he experienced high amount of rejection. People shrieked and kept their distance. They did not recognize a hideous creature like him and did not give him a chance. Everyone thought of their best interest, which was to not interact with the monster. This lead him to make a decision to stay away from people. On one of the nights, he decides to stay at a small hovel next to a cottage and in the morning, he notices a crack. When he sees through that crack, he concludes that he spots an old man, a young woman, and a young man chillin' in there.
Chapter 12:
While it is creepy, the monster begins to observe these three certain people for a while. He notices that these people are not joyful, and most of the time, they are sad and their emotional distress is shown upon their actions. He states that he wasn't sure why they were so sad, but he assumed they were. Later on, he notices that they are sad because they experience poverty, mainly HIS FAULT. He had been stealing their food, and it was bad enough they were experiencing financial difficulties. The monster instantly, feels bad and fills up with guilt so he starts to compensate for their loss. At nights, he would gather the wood and anonymously leave it at their door for "convinency." Analyzing their actions and the way they speak day by day, the monster finally picks up the language and teaches himself how to speak. He notes down the name of the young man to be Felix and the young woman to be Agatha. It's sad to realize that the monster finally grows to understand his ugliness. He looks at their faces and their physical structure and begins to admire them. After catching a glance of his own reflection from the water, he gets startled and is speechless. As time went on, winter arrived, and the routine became his daily life style. He observed the three individuals and began to like them for how much they taught him, without even knowing it.
Chapter 13:
Seasons begin to change as winter turns into spring. Note: Nature, once again, is very important because this setting leads the reader to understand why certain events are taking place. Nature is used to reflect emotions and vice versa. Except surprisingly, it's spring, but Felix is saddened. Supposedly a beautiful woman in a dark dress & veil comes by the cottage on a horse to see him. He becomes super happy as he sees her and she moves into the cottage with them. Everyone becomes happy and the monster notices that she does not even speak the same language as them. Her name is Sofie, and later she picks up the usual spoken language, just like the monster. He also teaches himself how to read, after analyzing Felix as he used Constantin-François de Volney’s Ruins of Empires to instruct Safie. The monster begins to "educate" himself by picking up facts about world history. He improves his speaking skills and learns about the human society by listening to the people speak. He relates his own situation and realizes that he has no friends. Human nature is to always juxtapose sadness with isolation, which the monster experiences at this stage. “Was I then then a monster,” he asks, “a blot upon the earth, from which all men fled, and whom all men disowned?” He considers himself deformed and begins to grow doubts. He also learns about the pleasures and obligations of the family and the process/structure of relationships between people. This saddens him because, nor is he accompanied with humans, he also lacks that family and happiness they feel at times. Anyways, I personally think the monster needs a hug. A hug can fix everything. Okay, not everything, but in this case, it WOULD kind of help, after considering the fact people think he's hideous and they point and run away from him.
Chapter 14:
From days of analyzing and observing these individuals, the monster begins to learn about the past life's experiences of these people. The old man was supposedly this respectable successful citizen in Paid and the two young individuals are his children. Safie's father was a Turk and he was accused of a crime and sentenced to death even though he was innocent (just like Justine). Felix visited the father in prison and from there, he met Safie and they fell in love. It's important to notice, that the author held that "love at first sight" concept in this novel. Whether he believes in it or not, is not justified. Felix tried to get the father out of prison and Safie let him know she was thankful for his intentions. The monster even had the copies of the letters to justify his story. The letters included the fact that Safie's mom was a Christian Arab who had been enslaved by the Turks, which stopped when she married Safie's father. Wow, so religious does come within Frankenstein and another stab at Islam is revealed. Supposedly, Safie's mother claimed Safie to be "free" from becoming a victim of being prevented from cultivature and intelligence, what Islam is responsible of (to women). This general stereotype is even portrayed in a story written by a young lady in a school. Disappointing. Anyways, so Safie wished to marry Felix because he was European and she wanted to escape from being a slave. The probem occured as Felix's family including him were exiled from France and their wealth was taken. They moved into this cottage while seeking for shelter. Safie's father was forcing her to go back with him, but she ran away and took refuge in this cottage, with her love.
Chapter 15:
One day the Monster was looking for good and he found a bag with some books and clothes. He took the books because he, too, had a thirst to obtain knowledge and know as much as he could. Victor should be able to relate to him. The books include Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s Sorrows of Werter, a volume of Plutarch’s Lives, and John Milton’s Paradise Lost, the last of which has the most profound effect on the monster. The monster does not realize that Paradise Lost is a fictional book and he reads it as true factual happenings. He finds the happenings in the story as reflections to his own situation. As the monster looks through his own pockets, he finds papers from Victor's diary and discovers how he was created and how Victor felt about him. This hurt him a lot, and it made him want to reveal himself to the cottagers with hopes that they would past see his ugliness and accept him for who he is, like that ever happens in this world now. The first individual he tries to confront is the old man, who could convince his children and Safie of what the monster wants him to, which is how past his exterior, he's a loving caring soul inside. One day he finds the old man by himself and starts to talk to him. But before he could even get to the main point, the children return and Felix scares the monster away.
Chapter 16:
The monster begins to become rageful and gets real hurt. He becomes tired of being rejected and hated without being given a chance to justify himself and speak for himself most importantly. Therefore, he swears to take revenge against all human beings and Victor mainly, his creator. For months, he kept on traveling and finally reached Geneva. On the way, he found a girl by herself and she seemed to be drowning. Acting out of the kindness in his heart, he rescues her, only to find that the man who was with her, shot him. He must've thought that the monster was attacking her. And this is where, in the woods, the monster finds William and discovers that he shares the same father as Victor. The monster gets so mad, that he basically chokes William to death and takes a picture of Caroline and puts it in Justine's pocket, who was supposedly sleeping in the barn. The monster tells Victor this whole story and tells him that he needs a friend. "Even Frankenstein wanted to be loved" - Laa. He tells Victor that he wants him to create a mate for him.
Chapter 17:
The monster justifies reasons of why he should have a female friend. Victor is persuaded to help him when the monster convinces him how all the bad happenings occured mainly due to the fact that the monster was lonely and didn't have a friend to spend time with. He assures Victor that he will not cause any more harm and live in South America in the jungles with his new mate. The monster becomes real happy and tells Victor that he will track him down when Victor is finished with this task. Victor is now burdened and taking a risk by creating another monster. OMG!! FINALLY DONE!! yay!! Frankenstein was a very interesting book to read, especially for the 2nd time.
Measure for Measure.
As most of you will agree, I just want to re-emphasize that Angelo is a SICK MAN. You know what he reminds me of? Those government officials or those in such authority. Ever hear how the ones in power are the most corrupt ones? Angelo's desire to have sexual intercourse with Isabella just shows that. Hypocrisy at its best. Just like how strong authority figures abuse their powers, the most religious figures at times are the most sinful. Angelo is guilty of being like both; trying to persecute Claudio for the same crime that he himself is guilty of (if given the chance).
I also want to point out how sometimes people see a reflection of themselves in others, as if they are staring at a mirror. Okay.. sounds weird. Let me explain. For example, a thief will be quick to assume that others are also thieves, because he himself is one and thinks he "knows how everyone thinks." People accuse others of what they are guilty of. It's almost like having self-conscience/guilt strings attached to you. I bring this up, because Angelo is this conservative strict non-corrupt individual on the outside, and yet on the inside, he's this sick pervert with wrong and sinful intentions. By asking Isabella to sleep with him, I think he might be convinced that she is like him, calm and pure on the outside, but lustful and sinful on the inside. That's why I think that he even ended up crossing the line and bluntly asking her such a thing. He probably figured, with a little hesitation, she'd give in and they'd both get what they "really want."
The lines I chose to discuss are in Act 2, scene 4. This is when Angelo confronts Isabella with his true intentions and Isabella tries to "play it off" by acting as if she thinks he's talking about him sinning by forgiving Claudio for his sinful acts. Isabella says, "It is no sin at all, but charity" (2.4.71). I'm kind of wondering here, is Isabella really "pretending" not to know what's going on, or is she really that... "innocent?" Then, right away, Angelo restates his point and tries to tell her exactly what he wants from her, "You must lay down the treasures of your body To this supposed, or else to let him suffer." (2.4.103-04). Isabella declines his offer, in order to not ruin hers and her brother's reputation even more. I think after that, it was quite interesting how Angelo claims that Isabella's response is just as cruel as the punishment her brother is getting. He says, "Were not you then as cruel as the sentence That you have slandered to?" (2.4.117-18). When I first read that, I was like "wow.. this guy has some nerves" but then I thought about it. Here, let me break it down:
Angelo is strict with his decisions and is stubborn.
Isabella is strict with her decisions and is also stubborn.
Angelo claims to be doing what is right, which is punishing someone for a crime they've done.
Isabella also claims to be doing what is right, which is not acting upon a lustful offer.
Angelo is concerned about his reputation, and that's why he is enforcing such laws.
Isabella is also concerned about her reputation, which is why she doesn't want to sleep with Angelo.
Angelo means to persecute those who do such sexual crimes, even though deep down, he'd be guilty of it too.
Isabella feels the same way, except the fact that is her own BROTHER, she disagrees with the ruling.
I think in a way, even though the situations are completely different from both perspectives, Angelo and Isabella may have a lot more in similar than we think.
I also want to point out how sometimes people see a reflection of themselves in others, as if they are staring at a mirror. Okay.. sounds weird. Let me explain. For example, a thief will be quick to assume that others are also thieves, because he himself is one and thinks he "knows how everyone thinks." People accuse others of what they are guilty of. It's almost like having self-conscience/guilt strings attached to you. I bring this up, because Angelo is this conservative strict non-corrupt individual on the outside, and yet on the inside, he's this sick pervert with wrong and sinful intentions. By asking Isabella to sleep with him, I think he might be convinced that she is like him, calm and pure on the outside, but lustful and sinful on the inside. That's why I think that he even ended up crossing the line and bluntly asking her such a thing. He probably figured, with a little hesitation, she'd give in and they'd both get what they "really want."
The lines I chose to discuss are in Act 2, scene 4. This is when Angelo confronts Isabella with his true intentions and Isabella tries to "play it off" by acting as if she thinks he's talking about him sinning by forgiving Claudio for his sinful acts. Isabella says, "It is no sin at all, but charity" (2.4.71). I'm kind of wondering here, is Isabella really "pretending" not to know what's going on, or is she really that... "innocent?" Then, right away, Angelo restates his point and tries to tell her exactly what he wants from her, "You must lay down the treasures of your body To this supposed, or else to let him suffer." (2.4.103-04). Isabella declines his offer, in order to not ruin hers and her brother's reputation even more. I think after that, it was quite interesting how Angelo claims that Isabella's response is just as cruel as the punishment her brother is getting. He says, "Were not you then as cruel as the sentence That you have slandered to?" (2.4.117-18). When I first read that, I was like "wow.. this guy has some nerves" but then I thought about it. Here, let me break it down:
Angelo is strict with his decisions and is stubborn.
Isabella is strict with her decisions and is also stubborn.
Angelo claims to be doing what is right, which is punishing someone for a crime they've done.
Isabella also claims to be doing what is right, which is not acting upon a lustful offer.
Angelo is concerned about his reputation, and that's why he is enforcing such laws.
Isabella is also concerned about her reputation, which is why she doesn't want to sleep with Angelo.
Angelo means to persecute those who do such sexual crimes, even though deep down, he'd be guilty of it too.
Isabella feels the same way, except the fact that is her own BROTHER, she disagrees with the ruling.
I think in a way, even though the situations are completely different from both perspectives, Angelo and Isabella may have a lot more in similar than we think.
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